The Industrialization Of China

In 2004, drupa printing equipment exhibition, the Chinese printing equipment, the number of pavilions in the exhibition group, display size, turnover, turnover intentions and so achieve better results, than in the past in Chicago, Birmingham and Milan, Italy, Japan, Tokyo and other world-renowned exhibition (except exhibition in Beijing, China) performance. Should be affirmed that the printing equipment manufacturing enterprises in the WTO after the face of global economic integration, the trend has been strengthened sense of competition, promote the brand in the international market continued to increase efforts and made achievements attracting worldwide attention.

However, to go abroad and export of printing equipment to achieve greater results at the same time, it should be cool to see that the domestic printing equipment and foreign industrial developed countries, the gap is obvious. Particularly in the CTP equipment, was tending to widen the gap in the high-end traditional printing equipment gaps, it should also recognize the widening trend.

Since reform and opening, with the introduction of advanced technology and foreign investment to enter, forming a large number of competitive industries, completely changed the textile, clothing, food, raw materials and other light industrial products are the main exports of traditional products, and formed a communications equipment, household appliances, ships, generators, engineering machinery, mechanical and electrical products are the main export commodities. Export of printing equipment for various reasons, not the formation of climate, particularly in the export of key equipment, a very small number. As we all know, in the printing and packaging industry on demand for a variety of printing equipment, TV towers, the device is a sheet-fed offset printing presses, web-fed offset printing presses, web-fed gravure printing machine and flexographic printing press.

The four printing devices are newspapers, books, advertising, packaging and printing the main force, printing machinery and equipment sales accounted for 75% to 80%, but exports are few. In the four kinds of printing equipment, in addition to web-fed offset presses mainly in Shanghai, the group of two Gaussian and North production and operations, in addition to 56 smaller enterprises in the production, but the market share of low - , only two companies manufacturing products outside of the edge. While several other large manufacturers operate printing equipment, product varieties of different specifications complicated, and in the market, relive the formation of the competitive situation, as well as unable to form in the world market to create an influential brand. After years of mergers and reorganizations, has formed several large-scale manufacturing enterprises, but the printing equipment market point of view, the level of industrialization and foreign firms are still unable to compete.

While the printing and packaging industry, there are different levels of objective market demand, but so many varieties and sizes of products, from a social point of view, has greatly increased the cost; from the industrial point of view, not only wasting a lot of resources, but also can not be Single-piece and small-batch production of the organization into a high-volume production organization, but can not guarantee product consistency and good quality. Third, import and export trade is highly unbalanced. 1 ~ 3 quarters in 2004, printing equipment is still ranked in China's 20 major categories of imports relatively large amount of mechanical and electrical products listed, only that location from the first 14 fell to No. 16. In the printing equipment imports, the main equipment in the first sheet-fed offset printing press is still imports amounted to 502.4 million U.S. dollars. Imports in the second position is the web-fed offset printing press, imports amounted to 129.8 million U.S. dollars. Printing Equipment imports in September this year, a ~ 822 printing units (full-year 2003 imports of 933 units), estimated that the year will exceed last year's.

Import web offset printing 80 units (full-year 2003 imports of 131 units), although the number of small, but the imports have been quite a year last year. This reflects the import of web-fed offset printing press among the high-precision commercial web presses and printing equipment, large high-profile accounts for the main ingredient. The above two kinds of equipment exports are still small, sheet-fed offset presses in 2003 exported only 322 units, the export value of 8.128 million U.S. dollars (of which account for a large component of small offset press).

Web-fed offset presses export 114 units, the export value of 12.829 million U.S. dollars. 1 to 3 quarters of 2004 sheet offset presses exported 270 units, exports 424 million U.S. dollars. Web-fed offset presses exported 76 units, the export value of 16.302 million U.S. dollars (most of which are components of the printing unit exports). Fourth, in the same company, because the same kinds of small quantities of products, to meet the market demand, the company through years of product development, the formation of a variety of products cross-scheduling of production organization. Makes the product standardization, seriation, low level of generalization and can not organize a mass assembly-line production organization, so product quality is unstable, low labor productivity, service system is not sound.

To improve the level of industrialization of China's printing equipment manufacturers have taken abroad a top priority, enterprises should start the development process from the following: in increase product acceptance in the market, based on industrial production to adapt to the process design, to build a modern production line and logistics systems. With a strong competitive situation, through mergers and acquisitions and capital expansion to create a strong, procedures and measures are as follows: 1. Increase scientific and technological input to product development series, so that products can meet high-volume sheet-fed multi-color printing machine manufacturing industry in the design of a modular building designed based on the use of the engineering module consists of a minimum of monochrome, color, Multi-color and all kinds of functions (flip-sided printing, UV coating, spot-color printing, feeding, cutting leaflets, etc.) and sheet-offset printing presses, in order to create the basic conditions for high-volume production to achieve Units organized by assembly lines, thereby enabling to provide customers with individual needs is possible.

To achieve this goal, the product design to meet the unit-type line assembly, process planning should be reasonable for the assembly-line work spaces and beat designs and processes for the production of a large number of technical equipment and adaptation unit-type bulk purchasing, supporting and manufacturing guidance documents. Sales and service necessary to meet the individual needs of the allocation of resources, such as: order option menu in the form of contract used to establish 24-hour service hotline, so that the vast majority of users to contact the problem is resolved in the communication, of course, but also to establish the user requirements for spare parts rapid response system. Mass production methods used to make products to provide customers with an open configuration as possible, the user has to purchase equipment for the printing of live parts according to the needs of any increase in demand for color groups or to configure new features.

Printing machinery industry of the success story - Heidelberg, Germany, the company has achieved multi-color sheet-fed presses in production, to achieve unit pipeline assembly, assembly-line debugging. Upon receipt of orders from around the world within 4 months to provide a variety of configurations of the printing press, within 7 days, users around the world to provide spare parts, 75% of users in the use of the difficult problems in 24-hour service hotline, to be addressed.

Organized large-volume production will also bring the following benefits to enterprises: (1) did not count due to product standardization, serialization, universal coefficient of the high volume of cattle production in large scale, the provision of market-oriented products tend to personality , specialization, type the number of parts is kept to a minimum level of product design cycle, cattle production organizations, parts of the cattle production and corporate management to reduce the cost of administering large halo. (2) The assembly according to the beat in an orderly manner, so that technical preparation, production and preparation, materials, supplies, spare parts orders, packing shipping, contracts and other sectors have a more stable supply operation cycle of production order, with the repeated cycle of the production cycle continue to improve and enhance, so that the production process of the system and random problems generated by the declining quality of accidents, the product quality will be improved. (3) The high volume production runs can also be produced amount of funds used to decrease the acceleration of cash flow, so that the cost of capital has dropped significantly.

2. Take effective measures, through market competition, the formation of scale enterprise group large international printing machinery manufacturers to enhance their competitive edge, usually take two major steps: First, on behalf of Heidelberg as a super provider, integrated pre-press, Postpress equipment manufacturers to expand the enterprise scale and form to provide a variety of printing solutions for the super provider, led the joint into a large number of enterprises in China, to expand sales in China. MAN Roland also put forward the concept of printing the city to implement the printing system solutions, has completed the pre-press, printing equipment, post-Enterprise Integration. Encountered in the market downturn, they will have to sell some businesses, shrinking long industrial chain and concentrate efforts on developing superior products. In 2003 the international printing market slump, Heidelberg will be web-fed offset printing press manufacturer Goss sold to the United States to consolidate the sheet-fed offset presses in the international market leader.

Second, the high-end printing machinery products, especially foot CTP product, the world's enterprises to adopt a joint asset restructuring and horizontal manner, to jointly develop high-tech products.

Printing machinery and equipment manufacturing enterprises in China there have been 16 companies entered the grouping of the road, but to achieve large-scale enterprise group with only two, other groups only in the enterprise sales of 80 million ~ 3 Bn, companies of this size can not become an international enterprise, in the international market, not a strong competitive edge. With the international market compared to major competitors, China's sales of the two largest group is the world's leading vendors is only 1 / 10 ~ 1 / 40, a far cry from enterprise scale. Since the printing machinery business in China will inevitably have to participate in the international market competition, then the expansion of enterprise scale, enhance its competitiveness on the international market and accelerate the concentration of the printing machinery industry is imperative. In the capitalist countries in the development process, disadvantaged businesses were defeated in the competition, a strong corporate failures in the fierce competition or merger, a strong enterprises to expand the size of the joint establishment of the new company is a common occurrence, China's household electrical appliance industry, also traversed a similar way, through mergers and acquisitions, several strong companies have entered the world's appliance market, competitiveness greatly enhanced.

3. To overcome the large and ideas, take the road of highly specialized printing machinery and equipment is one of the development trend of integration of prepress, printing, printing, the collection in a variety of printing methods to develop a truly multi-functional composite devices, providing for a variety of printing and packaging production lines, machines and processing systems linkage.

4. Seriously investigate the international market, key areas of the world to establish sales and service network of the other printing equipment industry is to build an infrastructure for sales and service network. China Printing Machinery in foreign sales of less machine, there is a larger volume of sales of products focused on joint ventures or processing of the ink-jet printer and web printing unit, another project is a bulk processing of external components export.

In recent years, Cutter, die-cutting machine exports increase in exports to 10 million years, to 2000 million U.S. dollars, while the printing and packaging industry leading products sheet-offset printing presses, web offset printing presses, roll Exports of Gravure Printing Machine Paper Tube only a few million dollars. In addition to the reasons for the export of products with fewer low-tech, product quality, and safety performance of non-compliance, service is not timely, not meet product specifications, the sales and service network is not a sound is one of the major problem.

Recently, China's export of printing equipment means the overwhelming majority of general trade exports in foreign investment, joint venture led exports less in order to promote exports inter-State relations is negligible. In this case, in order to understand the needs of foreign markets, companies in foreign countries to establish joint sales and service network becomes very important. Should be established as soon as possible, particularly in developing countries, sales and service network, because of our printing machinery products more suitable for the grade in these countries the level of economic and technological.

5. The state should abolish import duty-free printing policy, has also announced tax exemption or reduction of imports of mechanical and electrical components of policies to improve product reliability to meet the foreign customers on product quality and safety performance of demanding, widely adopted by most enterprises imported parts.

As of the printing equipment industry will increase the demand for foreign parts and components, thus affecting the competitiveness of exports of domestic products. At present, the sheet-offset printing presses, web offset printing press is still the implementation of the policy of duty-free imports, thus forming in the price of imported equipment of foreign dominance on the domestic printing machinery enterprises to actively adopt international advanced technology, have a significant impact. As we all know, printing machinery, ancillary products, particularly electrical accessory products, such as: programmable logic controller, inverter, servo motors, CNC system, tension control system, Auto-Alignment, ink remote control devices, as well as printer-specific bearings, dry boxes, cooling units, fountain solution tanks, high-precision cylinder solenoid valve, automatic access machine, adjusting device and the key criteria for migraine and other major parts rely on imports. These imports the cost of spare parts in high-end products account for 1 / 4 to 1 / 3, bound to increase the cost of domestic companies affect the China-made equipment in the international market competitiveness.

Countries in the introduction of technology and new product prototypes have preferential policies, while supporting the industrialization of parts and components imports should have a certain degree of preferential policies to support the printing machinery and equipment made the process of industrialization. Presses imported duty-free policies on the modernization of the printing industry, have played an important role, but in the domestic companies to develop high-grade printing machinery printing press has reached a certain scale today, which caused controversy for many years tax-free policy has hampered the industrialization of China-made printing press process. This issue should cause policy makers to think about, it should also aroused the attention of the press users.

About the Author

I am China Crafts Suppliers writer, reports some information about asv equipment , jcb construction equipment.

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